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Skip to Search Results- 1Ahrari, Malema
- 1Froentjes, Liesbeth
- 1Goplen, Craig M
- 1Kantor, Chase M
- 1Kerridge, Teresa A.
- 1Kokate, Tushar G.
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Fall 2012
ATP actions on central inspiratory networks are determined by a three-part signaling system comprising: i) excitatory actions of ATP at P2 receptors (Rs) ii) ectonucleotidases that degrade ATP into adenosine (ADO), and iii) inhibitory actions of ADO at P1Rs. During hypoxia, an initial increase in...
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Antagonistic modulation of spontaneous neural network activities in isolated newborn rat brainstem preparations by opioids and methylxanthines
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Apnea of prematurity is a common problem among the infants born before term pregnancy. Administration of respiratory stimulating drugs methylxanthines is the most frequent therapy, often in combination with the use of intubation. Opioids are used to reduce the pain associated with intubation,...
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Calcium Imaging and Field Potential Analysis of Autocrine Neuromodulation in the Locus Coeruleus of Newborn Rat Brain Slices
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The locus coeruleus (LC) is a small brainstem nucleus that controls diverse behaviours and brain functions via release of noradrenaline (NA) in the neonatal time period. There is increasing evidence of complexity in this neuron-astrocyte ‘neural’ network that remains mostly unexplored in...
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Spring 2010
Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), become activated in response to danger signals given out by other cells when homeostasis has been disturbed. Microglial activation is a multifaceted phenomenon that includes numerous distinct phenotypes. The type of...
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Efficacy and side-effect profiles of lactulose, docusate sodium, and sennosides compared to PEG in opioid-induced constipation: A systematic review
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Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is an unpleasant and ubiquitous side effect of opioid treatment. Ineffective treatment of OIC can result in decreased adherence to opioid therapy, decreased quality of life, and increased morbidity and mortality. The constipating effects of opioids result from...
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Mechanisms underlying P2Y1 receptor-mediated excitation of the inspiratory network in vitro; and NPY-induced stress resilience in vitro and in vivo
DownloadSpring 2021
The present thesis will discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which neurochemical systems modulate the activity of CNS networks underlying breathing and anxiety. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part examines the mechanisms by which the neuromodulator/neurotransmitter...
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Modulation of Spontaneous Neural Network Bursting in Newborn Rat Brain Slices by Extracellular Calcium, Methylxanthines, and Opioids
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Spontaneous neuronal bursting appears to be pivotal for brain maturation. This thesis studied such synchronized neural network oscillations in immature newborn rat hippocampus, cortex, and locus coeruleus. For this, horizontal brain slices were generated for (simultaneous) suction electrode...
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Nonmedical Use of Opioids Following Short Term Therapeutic Exposure in Children and Youth: A Systematic Review and Qualitative Study of Decision Maker Information Needs
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Introduction Healthcare visits, hospitalizations, and deaths due to opioid-related harms continue to rise for children, despite an overall decline in opioid prescriptions. Decision-makers (including patients, families, clinicians, and policy-makers) require high quality syntheses to inform...