Nutritional value of low-fibre and high-fat canola co-products in pigs

• Author / Creator

  Zhou, Xun

• Solvent-extracted canola meal (CM) is fed to pigs as alternative to soybean meal (SBM). The relatively high dietary fibre content in CM limit its nutritional value for swine. Canola processing could produce canola co-products with less fibre and greater fat thus increasing its nutritional value. Effects of feeding low-fibre and high-fat canola co-products on pig nutrient digestibility, growth performance, carcass traits, and pork quality were evaluated. In Chapter 3, conventional Brassica (B.) napus and thin-hull B. juncea CM were air-classified to produce low-fibre light-particle fraction and high-fibre heavy-particle fraction and were included at 200 g/kg in nursery diets. Compared with napus, feeding juncea CM reduced average daily feed intake (ADFI), increased feed efficiency (G:F), but did not affect average daily gain (ADG) in weaned pigs. Feeding light-particle fraction increased G:F compared with parent CM or heavy-particle fraction, but ADFI and ADG were not affected. In Chapter 4, napus and juncea CM and their air-classified fractions were fed to ileal-cannulated grower pigs. Apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE) and digestible energy (DE) value were greater in juncea than napus CM, and greater for light-particle fraction than parent CM or heavy-particle fraction. The standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of His, Ile, and Val were greater for juncea than napus CM. The SID amino acids (AA) was greater in light-particle fraction than parent CM or heavy-particle fraction. In Chapter 5, juncea canola seed was extruded and expeller-pressed to produce canola expeller (CE) with 168 g/kg ether extract (EE). Expeller included at 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 g/kg in growing-finishing diets linearly reduced ADFI and ADG, did not affect G:F, linearly reduced carcass weight and loin depth, and linearly increased unsaturated fatty acid content in jowl fat. In Chapter 6, canola press-cake (CPC) with 204 g/kg EE was produced by merely expeller-pressing canola seed. The CPC included at 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 g/kg in nursery diets did not affect ADFI and ADG, but linearly increased G:F in weaned pigs. In Chapter 7, CPC and canola oil were produced expeller-pressing canola seed. True digestibility of fat was estimated to be greater in canola oil than in CPC. The total endogenous fat losses were estimated to be greater for the total tract than ileum. Canola oil inclusion increased digestibility of energy and AA in other dietary components. In conclusion, low-fibre canola co-products had greater nutritional value than conventional CM. Feeding high-fat canola co-products replacing SBM and supplemental fat in swine diets maintained growth performance when dietary glucosinolate profile was acceptable. Formulating swine diets based on NE value and SID AA content minimized the negative effect of feeding canola co-products on pig growth performance.

• Subjects / Keywords

  • Canola co-products
  • Pigs

• Graduation date

  Spring 2016

• Type of Item

  Thesis

• Degree

  Doctor of Philosophy

• DOI

  https://doi.org/10.7939/R3TX35C0R

• License

  This thesis is made available by the University of Alberta Libraries with permission of the copyright owner solely for non-commercial purposes. This thesis, or any portion thereof, may not otherwise be copied or reproduced without the written consent of the copyright owner, except to the extent permitted by Canadian copyright law.