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The impact of hydraulic fracturing fluid on two key aquatic species: the water flea, Daphnia magna, and the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.
DownloadSpring 2019
Wastewater produced during hydraulic fracturing activities (termed flowback and produced water; FPW), is a complex solution containing metals, organics and high concentrations of salts. The number of reported FPW spills affecting aquatic and/or terrestrial environments has increased with the rise...
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Toxicological Characterization of Hydraulic Fracturing Flowback and Produced Water Exposures to Aquatic Organisms
DownloadFall 2021
Hydraulic fracturing is an unconventional oil and gas extraction method used to liberate oil and gas reserves from low permeability geological formations by injecting large quantities of fracturing fluid into the well-bore under high pressures. A by-product of this process is flowback and...