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Wolf Reproduction in Response to Caribou Migration and Industrial Development on the Central Barrens of Mainland Canada
Download2008
Cluff, H.D., Frame, P.F., Hik, D.S.
Reproductive success of mammals is greatly influenced by food availability. Where wolves (Canis lupus) prey on migratory barren-ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus), caribou migration patterns strongly influence food availability for wolves. However, industrial development in formerly undeveloped...
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Wolves Influence Elk Movements: Behavior Shapes a Trophic Cascade in Yellowstone National Park
Download2005
Fortin, D., Beyer, H. L., Smith, D. W., Boyce, M. S., Mao, J. S., Duchesne, T.
A trophic cascade recently has been reported among wolves, elk, and aspen on the northern winter range of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA, but the mechanisms of indirect interactions within this food chain have yet to be established. We investigated whether the observed trophic cascade...