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Long-term changes in migratory patterns of elk (Cervus canadensis) in the southern Rocky Mountain Trench of British Columbia, Canada
DownloadSpring 2021
Migration can be described as a round-trip movement between distinct ranges and is thought to be a response to a spatiotemporal variation in resources. Large vertebrate herbivores such as ungulates often migrate to track seasonal variability in high quality forage and reduce predation risk....
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Wolves Influence Elk Movements: Behavior Shapes a Trophic Cascade in Yellowstone National Park
Download2005
Fortin, D., Beyer, H. L., Smith, D. W., Boyce, M. S., Mao, J. S., Duchesne, T.
A trophic cascade recently has been reported among wolves, elk, and aspen on the northern winter range of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA, but the mechanisms of indirect interactions within this food chain have yet to be established. We investigated whether the observed trophic cascade...