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Research Topics Pertaining to Cardiorespiratory Health in Newborn Medicine
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- Author / Creator
- Bitar, Eyad
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Preterm infants face many challenges, particularly concerning their cardiorespiratory health. Within this context, the management of apnea of prematurity (AOP) and the control of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) emerge as paramount concerns. This thesis consists of 2 projects. Chapter 2 is a randomized controlled trial protocol, that investigates the use of caffeine therapy in moderate and late premature infants (MLPT). Caffeine is a common medication in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) that is effective in reducing apnea episodes. This project aims to fill knowledge gaps related to the impact of caffeine on respiratory outcomes and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes in MLPT infants, a population at risk that represents a substantial proportion of preterm births. Chapter 3 is a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that explore the use of acetaminophen versus indomethacin for managing PDA in preterm infants. While indomethacin is a common treatment for PDA, acetaminophen offers an alternative that may have fewer side effects. The study demonstrates that acetaminophen is as effective as indomethacin in closing PDA, with the added benefit of reducing the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis and post-treatment azotemia. These two projects highlight crucial aspects of the management of preterm infants. Caffeine may play a substantial role in improving both short- and long-term outcomes in MLPT. With its promising safety profile, acetaminophen emerges as a practical alternative for closing PDA. Both initiatives highlight the value of additional studies to enrich evidence and guide decision-making in neonatal cardiorespiratory care.
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- Graduation date
- Spring 2024
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- Type of Item
- Thesis
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- Degree
- Master of Science
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- License
- This thesis is made available by the University of Alberta Libraries with permission of the copyright owner solely for non-commercial purposes. This thesis, or any portion thereof, may not otherwise be copied or reproduced without the written consent of the copyright owner, except to the extent permitted by Canadian copyright law.