Concentration and Mixing Effects on the Production of Amine Hydrochloride Salts in a Confined Impinging Jet Reactor

• Author / Creator

  Farrokhzad Ershad, Navid

• A Confined Impinging Jet Reactor (CIJR) was used to react 4, 4’-methylene dianiline (MDA) with hydrogen chloride (HCl) in order to study formation of the aminehydrochloride (AHC) salts, unwelcome byproducts in the manufacture of polyurethanes.
  The effects of several processing variables (local concentration of MDA and HCl and the intensity of local mixing) on the formation of AHC salts were studied. The precipitated solids were characterized using a wide range of analytical techniques: elemental analysis, FTIR, TGA, DSC, optical microscopy, SEM and EDX. The effects of each process variable on the solid compounds and composition, thermal properties, morphology and average particle size are discussed.
  Results show that formation of AHC salts more than anything depends on local concentration of MDA and it dominates the structure of product in terms of formation of MDA.HCl or MDA.2HCl. Mixing intensity affects product purity of and evenness of shape and average size.

• Subjects / Keywords

  • Hydrochlorination
  • Polyurethane
  • Mixing
  • Amine
  • CIJR

• Graduation date

  Fall 2013

• Type of Item

  Thesis

• Degree

  Master of Science

• DOI

  https://doi.org/10.7939/R3TX10

• License

  This thesis is made available by the University of Alberta Libraries with permission of the copyright owner solely for non-commercial purposes. This thesis, or any portion thereof, may not otherwise be copied or reproduced without the written consent of the copyright owner, except to the extent permitted by Canadian copyright law.