Supplementary data

==================

================== 

To accompany: Waldron, J.W.F., McCausland, P.J.A., Barr, S.M., Schofield, D.I., Reusch, D., Wu, L., 2022. Terrane history of the Iapetus Ocean as preserved in the northern Appalachians and western Caledonides. Earth-Science Reviews 104163. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2022.104163



The following data files are provided as supplementary information.



Readme.txt

==========

This file



Map Poster size.pdf

===================

Summary Tectonic Map of the AppalachianĐCaledonide Orogen in New England, Atlantic Canada, Ireland, and Britain, showing available detrital zircon and paleomagnetic data (.pdf).



Waldron&al LPaleozoicStratChart copy.pdf

========================================

Stratigraphic columns with additional data, detrital zircon sample identifiers, and list of sources.



DZ data sheet.xlsx

==================

Table of detrital zircon data. Data sources listed below.



DZ kde and cf plots.pdf

=======================

Plots of individual detrital zircon data sets as cumulative frequency distributions, matched with grouped kernel density estimates shown in the published paper. Constructed with IsoplotR. Vermeesch, P., 2018. IsoplotR: A free and open toolbox for geochronology. Geoscience Frontiers 9, 1479Đ1493. doi:10.1016/j.gsf.2018.04.001


GIS & GPLATES files package.zip

===============================

Zipped package of files for display in GIS and GPLATES software.



The files in the attached package are provided in formats that can be manipulated by the open source software QGIS and GPLATES. The GIS-compatible data files can also be opened in other GIS software such as ESRI ArcGIS.



The data package includes continental outlines and coastlines adapted from the GPlates installation package, here gratefully acknowledged:



Mźller, R.D., Cannon, J., Qin, X., Watson, R.J., Gurnis, M., Williams, S., Pfaffelmoser, T., Seton, M., Russell, S.H.J., Zahirovic, S., 2018. GPlates: Building a virtual Earth through Deep Time. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 19, 2243-2261. doi:10.1029/2018GC007584



File extensions:

Shape files of terrane subdivisions and detrital zircon data together with QGIS project file for display of data (.shp, .qgz).

GPlates geomagnetic pole file and plate rotation files for snapshots at 370, 430, 460 and 490 Ma (.gpml and .rot).



To view the data package, download QGIS and GPlates from

https://www.qgis.org

https://www.gplates.org/



Unzip the data files package to a location on a local drive.





Using QGIS, open the file

DisplaySupplementaryData.qgz

and reconnect any links as necessary. If nothing is visible, right-click any of the layer names and choose Zoom to Layer(s).



Using GPlates, open the file 



DisplayReconstructionSnapshots.gproj



Some data warnings may appear: these relate to comment lines in some of the data files that are not read by GPlates and can safely be ignored.



Please note that this is not a full plate reconstruction. To display each snapshot, activate the appropriate layer (e.g. RelativeRotationSnapshot370) and enter the same time (in Ma) in the Time field at the top left.



These data are licensed by the authors using a Creative Commons CC BY-SA-NC license. Any use must include a citation of Waldron, J.W.F., McCausland, P.J.A., Barr, S.M., Schofield, D.I., Reusch, D., Wu, L., 2022. Terrane history of the Iapetus Ocean as preserved in the northern Appalachians and western Caledonides. Earth-Science Reviews 104163. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2022.104163



List of sources for detrital zircon data

========================================

Allen, J.S., 2009. Paleogeographic Reconstruction of the St. Lawrence Promontory, Western Newfoundland (PhD thesis), University of Kentucky.

Asanuma, H., Okada, Y., Fujisaki, W., Suzuki, K., Sato, T., Sawaki, Y., Sakata, S., Yamamoto, S., Hirata, T., Maruyama, S., Windley, B.F., 2015. Reconstruction of ocean plate stratigraphy in the Gwna Group, NW Wales: Implications for the subduction-accretion process of a latest Proterozoic trench-forearc. Tectonophysics 662, 195-207. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2015.04.016

Asanuma, H., Fujisaki, W., Sato, T., Sakata, S., Sawaki, Y., Aoki, K., Okada, Y., Maruyama, S., Hirata, T., Itaya, T., Windley, B.F., 2017. New isotopic age data constrain the depositional age and accretionary history of the Neoproterozoic-Ordovician Mona Complex (Anglesey-Lleyn, Wales). Tectonophysics 706-707, 164-195. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2017.03.017

Barr, S.M., Hamilton, M.A., Samson, S.D., Satkowski, A.M., White, C.E., 2012. Provenance variations in northern Appalachian Avalonia based on detrital zircon age patterns in Ediacaran and Cambrian sedimentary rocks, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, Canada. Can. J. Earth Sci. 49, 533-546. doi:10.1139/e11-070

Barr, S.M., White, C.E., Davis, D.W., McClelland, W.C., van Staal, C.R., 2014. Infrastructure and provenance of Ganderia: Evidence from detrital zircon ages in the Brookville terrane, southern New Brunswick, Canada. Precambrian Res. 246, 358-370. doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2014.03.022

Barr, S.M., van Rooyen, D., Miller, B.V., White, C.E., Johnson, S.C., 2019. Detrital zircon signatures in Precambrian and Paleozoic sedimentary units in southern New Brunswick - more pieces of the puzzle. Atl. Geol. 55, 275-322. doi:10.4138/atlgeol.2019.010

Barr, S.M., White, C.E., Jensen, S., Palacios, T., van Rooyen, D., 2020. Ediacaran and Cambrian rocks on Scatarie Island and nearby Hay Island, Avalonian Mira terrane, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada. Atl. Geol. 56, 257-279. doi:10.4138/atlgeol.2020.011

Bradley, D.C., O'Sullivan, P., 2016. Detrital zircon geochronology of pre-and syn-collisional strata, Acadian orogen, Maine Appalachians. Basin Res. 29, 571-590. doi:10.1111/bre.12188

Cartwright, S.F.A., David P. West, J., Amidon, W.H., 2019. Depositional constraints from detrital zircon geochronology of strata from multiple lithotectonic belts in south-central Maine, USA. Atl. Geol. 55, 093-136. doi:10.4138/atlgeol.2019.003

Cawood, P.A., Nemchin, A.A., 2001. Paleogeographic development of the east Laurentian margin: Constraints from U-Pb dating of detrital zircons in the Newfoundland Appalachians. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 113, 1234-1246. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(2001)113<1234:PDOTEL>2.0.CO;2

Cawood, P.A., Nemchin, A.A., Smith, M., Loewy, S., 2003. Source of the Dalradian Supergroup constrained by U-Pb dating of detrital zircon and implications for the East Laurentian margin. J. Geol. Soc. 160, 231-246. doi:10.1144/0016-764902-039

Cawood, P.A., Merle, R.E., Strachan, R.A., Tanner, P.W.G., 2012. Provenance of the Highland Border Complex: constraints on Laurentian margin accretion in the Scottish Caledonides. J. Geol. Soc. 169, 575-586. doi:10.1144/0016-76492011-076

Chen, Y.-D., Lin, S., van Staal, C.R., 1995. Detrital zircon geochronology of a conglomerate in the northeastern Cape Breton Highlands: implications for the relationships between terranes in Cape Breton Island, the Canadian Appalachians. CJES, 32:. Can. J. Earth Sci. 32, 216-223.

Clift, P.D., Carter, A., Draut, A.E., Long, H.V., Chew, D.M., Schouten, H.A., 2009. Detrital U-Pb Zircon Dating of Lower Ordovician Syn-Arc-Continent Collision Conglomerates in the Irish Caledonides. Tectonophysics 470, 165-174.

Collins, A.S., Buchan, C., 2004. Provenance and age constraints of the South Stack Group, Anglesey, UK: U-Pb SIMS detrital zircon data. J. Geol. Soc. 161, 743-746.

De Souza, S., Tremblay, A., Ruffet, G., 2014. Taconian orogenesis, sedimentation and magmatism in the southern Quebec-northern Vermont Appalachians: Stratigraphic and detrital mineral record of Iapetan suturing. Am. J. Sci. 314, 1065-1103.

Dokken, R.J., Waldron, J.W.F., DuFrane, S.A., 2018. Detrital zircon geochronology of the Fredericton Trough: constraints on the Silurian closure of remnant Iapetus Ocean. Am. J. Sci. 318, 684-725.

Dorais, M.J., Wintsch, R.P., Nelson, W.R., Tubrett, M., 2009. Insights into the Acadian orogeny, New England Appalachians: a provenance study of the Carrabassett and Kittery formations, Maine.

Dorais, M.J., Wintsch, R.P., Kunk, M.J., Aleinikoff, J., Burton, W., Underdown, C., Kerwin, C.M., 2012. P-T-t conditions, Nd and Pb isotopic compositions and detrital zircon geochronology of the Massabesic Gneiss Complex, New Hampshire: Isotopic and metamorphic evidence for the identification of Gander basement, central New England. Am. J. Sci. 312, 1049-1097. doi:10.2475/10.2012.01

Fairey, B.J., Kerrison, A., Meere, P.A., Mulchrone, K.F., Hofmann, M., G„rtner, A., Sonntag, B.-L., Linnemann, U., Kuiper, K.F., Ennis, M., Mark, C., Cogn‚, N., Chew, D., 2018. The provenance of the Devonian Old Red Sandstone of the Dingle Peninsula, SW Ireland; the earliest record of Laurentian and peri-Gondwanan sediment mixing in Ireland. J. Geol. Soc. 175, 411-424. doi:10.1144/jgs2017-099

Fyffe, L.R., Barr, S.M., Johnson, S.C., McLeod, M.J., McNicoll, V.J., Valverde-Vaquero, P., van Staal, C.R., White, C.E., 2009. Detrital zircon ages from Neoproterozoic and Early Paleozoic conglomerate and sandstone units of New Brunswick and coastal Maine: Implications for the tectonic evolution of Ganderia. Atl. Geol. 45, 110-144.

Gerbi, C.C., Johnson, S.E., Aleinikoff, J.N., B‚dard, J.H., Dunning, G.R., Fanning, C.M., 2006a. Early Paleozoic development of the Maine-Quebec Boundary Mountains region. Can. J. Earth Sci. 43, 367-389.

Gerbi, C.C., Johnson, S.E., Aleinikoff, J.N., 2006b. Origin and orogenic role of the Chain Lakes massif, Maine and Quebec. Can. J. Earth Sci. 43, 339-366. doi:10.1139/e05-112

Henderson, B., 2016. What do epsilon hafnium isotopic arrays tell us about Wilson cycle tectonics? Implications for the type area in the Appalachian-Variscan Orogen (PhD thesis), University of Adelaide.

Henderson, B.J., Collins, W.J., Murphy, J.B., Gutierrez-Alonso, G., Hand, M., 2016. Gondwanan basement terranes of the Variscan-Appalachian orogen: Baltican, Saharan and West African hafnium isotopic fingerprints in Avalonia, Iberia and the Armorican Terranes. Tectonophysics 681, 278-304. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2015.11.020

Henderson, B.J., Collins, W.J., Murphy, J.B., Hand, M., 2018. A hafnium isotopic record of magmatic arcs and continental growth in the Iapetus Ocean: The contrasting evolution of Ganderia and the peri-Laurentian margin. Gondwana Res. 58, 141-160. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2018.02.015

Hepburn, J.C., Kuiper, Y.D., McClary, K.J., Loan, M.L., Tubrett, M., Buchwaldt, R., 2021. Detrital zircon ages and the origins of the Nashoba terrane and Merrimack belt in southeastern New England, USA. Atl. Geosci. 57, 343-396. doi:10.4138/atlgeol.2021.016

Johnson, S.C., Dunning, G.R., Miller, B.V., 2018. U-Pb geochronology and geochemistry from the northeastern New River belt, southern New Brunswick, Canada: significance of the Almond Road Group to the Ganderian platformal margin. Atl. Geol. 54, 147-170.

Karabinos, P., Aleinikoff, J.N., Fanning, C.M., 1999. Distinguishing Grenvillian basement from pre-Taconian cover rocks in the northern Appalachians. Am. J. Sci. 299, 502-515.

Karabinos, P., Macdonald, F.A., Crowley, J.L., 2017. Bridging the gap between the foreland and hinterland I: Geochronology and plate tectonic geometry of Ordovician magmatism and terrane accretion on the Laurentian margin of New England. Am. J. Sci. 317, 515-554. doi:10.2475/05.2017.01

Krabbendam, M., Bonsor, H., Horstwood, M.S.A., Rivers, T., 2017. Tracking the evolution of the Grenvillian foreland basin: Constraints from sedimentology and detrital zircon and rutile in the Sleat and Torridon groups, Scotland. Precambrian Res. 295, 67-89. doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2017.04.027

Lowe, D.G., Arnott, R.W.C., Chiarenzelli, J.R., Rainbird, R.H., 2018. Early Paleozoic rifting and reactivation of a passive-margin rift: Insights from detrital zircon provenance signatures of the Potsdam Group, Ottawa graben. GSA Bull. 130, 1377-1396. doi:10.1130/B31749.1

Ludman, A., Aleinikoff, J., Berry IV, H.N., Hopeck, J.T., 2018. SHRIMP U-Pb zircon evidence for age, provenance, and tectonic history of early Paleozoic Ganderian rocks, east-central Maine, USA. Atl. Geol. 335-387. doi:10.4138/atlgeol.2018.012

Macdonald, F.A., Ryan-Davis, J., Coish, R.A., Crowley, J.L., Karabinos, P., 2014. A newly identified Gondwanan terrane in the northern Appalachian Mountains: Implications for the Taconic orogeny and closure of the Iapetus Ocean. Geology 42, 539-542. doi:10.1130/G35659.1

Macdonald, F.A., Karabinos, P.M., Crowley, J.L., Hodgin, E.B., Crockford, P.W., Delano, J.W., 2017. Bridging the gap between the foreland and hinterland II: Geochronology and tectonic setting of Ordovician magmatism and basin formation on the Laurentian margin from New England to Newfoundland. Am. J. Sci. 317, 555-596.

Massonne, H.-J., Barr, S.M., White, C.E., Miller, B.V., 2018. The Pocologan metamorphic suite of southern New Brunswick, Canada: New constraints on age and conditions of medium- to high-pressure metamorphism on the Ganderian margin of the Rheic Ocean. Tectonophysics 747-748, 177-190. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2018.09.006

McConnell, B., Riggs, N., Crowley, Q.G., 2009. Detrital zircon provenance and Ordovician terrane amalgamation, western Ireland. J. Geol. Soc. 166, 473-484. doi:10.1144/0016-76492008-081

McConnell, B., Crowley, Q.G., Riggs, N., 2010. Laurentian origin of the Ordovician Grangegeeth volcanic arc terrane, Ireland. J. Geol. Soc. 167, 469-474. doi:10.1144/0016-76492009-139

McConnell, B., Rogers, R., Crowley, Q., 2016. Sediment provenance and tectonics on the Laurentian margin: implications of detrital zircons ages from the Central Belt of the Southern Uplands-Down-Longford Terrane in Co. Monaghan, Ireland. Scott. J. Geol. 52, 11-17. doi:10.1144/sjg2015-013

McConnell, B., Riggs, N., Sevastopulo, G., 2019. Insight into late Iapetus tectonics from new U-Pb zircon and micropalaeontological data from the Navan area, eastern Ireland. J. Geol. Soc. 176, 440-446. doi:10.1144/jgs2018-168

McDaniel, D.K., Hanson, G.N., McLennan, S.M., Sevigny, J.H., 1997. Grenvillian provenance for the amphibolite-grade Trap Falls Formation: implications for early Paleozoic tectonic history of New England. Can. J. Earth Sci. 34, 1286-1294.

McLennan, S.M., Bock, B., Compston, W., Hemming, S.R., McDaniel, D.K., 2001. Detrital zircon geochronology of Taconian and Acadian foreland sedimentary rocks in New England. J. Sediment. Res. 71, 305-317.

McWilliams, C.K., Walsh, G.J., Wintsch, R.P., 2010. Silurian-Devonian age and tectonic setting of the Connecticut Valley-Gaspe trough in Vermont based on U-Pb SHRIMP analyses of detrital zircons. Am. J. Sci. 310, 325-363.

Murphy, J.B., Fern ndez-Su rez, J., Keppie, J.D., Jeffries, T.E., 2004a. Contiguous rather than discrete Paleozoic histories for the Avalon and Meguma terranes based on detrital zircon data. Geology 32, 585-588.

Murphy, J.B., Fernandez-Suarez, J., Jeffries, T.E., 2004b. Lithogeochemical and Sm-Nd and U-Pb isotope data from the Silurian-Lower Devonian Arisaig Group clastic rocks, Avalon terrane, Nova Scotia: A record of terrane accretion in the Appalachian-Caledonide orogen. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 116, 1183-1201.

Murphy, J.B., Fernandez-Suarez, J., Jeffries, T.E., Strachan, R.A., 2004c. U-Pb (LA-ICP-MS) dating of detrital zircons from Cambrian clastic rocks in Avalonia: erosion of a Neoproterozoic arc along the northern Gondwanan margin. J. Geol. Soc. Lond. 161, 243-254.

Perrot, M., Tremblay, A., David, J., 2017. Detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology of the Magog Group, southern Quebec - stratigraphic and tectonic implications for the Quebec Appalachians. Am. J. Sci. 317, 1049-1094. doi:10.2475/10.2017.01

Perrot, M., Tremblay, A., Ruffet, G., David, J., 2018. Detrital U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of the Connecticut Valley-Gasp‚ trough, southern Quebec and northern Vermont - Transitional tectonism from Salinic to Acadian orogenic cycles. Tectonophysics 745, 430-452. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2018.08.006

Phillips, E.R., Smith, R.A., Stone, P., Pashley, V., Horstwood, M., 2009. Zircon age constraints on the provenance of Llandovery to Wenlock sandstones from the Midland Valley terrane of the Scottish Caledonides. Scott. J. Geol. 45, 131-146. doi:10.1144/0036-9276/01-383

Pollock, J.C., Wilton, D.H.C., Van Staal, C.R., Morrissey, K.D., 2007. U-Pb detrital zircon geochronological constraints on the Early Silurian collision of Ganderia and Laurentia along the Dog Bay Line: The terminal Iapetan suture in the Newfoundland Appalachians. Am. J. Sci. 307, 399-433.

Pollock, J.C., Hibbard, J.P., Sylvester, P.J., 2009. Early Ordovician rifting of Avalonia and birth of the Rheic Ocean: U-Pb detrital zircon constraints from Newfoundland. J. Geol. Soc. 166, 501-515. doi:10.1144/0016-76492008-088

Pothier, H.D., Waldron, J.W.F., Schofield, D.I., DuFrane, S.A., 2015a. Peri-Gondwanan terrane interactions recorded in the Cambrian-Ordovician detrital zircon geochronology of North Wales. Gondwana Res. 28, 987-1001. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2014.08.009

Pothier, H.D., Waldron, J.W.F., DuFrane, S.A., White, C.E., Jamieson, R.A., 2015b. Stratigraphy, Provenance and Tectonic Setting of the Lumsden Dam and Bluestone Quarry Formations (Lower Ordovician), Halifax Group, Nova Scotia. Atl. Geol. 51, 51-83.

Reusch, D.N., Holm-Denoma, C.S., Slack, J.F., 2018. U-Pb zircon geochronology of Proterozoic and Paleozoic rocks, North Islesboro, coastal Maine (USA): links to West Africa and Penobscottian orogenesis in southeastern Ganderia? Atl. Geol. 54, 189-221.

Satkowski, A.M., Barr, S.M., Samson, S.D., 2010. Provenance of Late Neoproterozoic and Cambrian Sediments in Avalonia: Constraints from Detrital Zircon Ages and Sm?Nd Isotopic Compositions in Southern New Brunswick, Canada. J. Geol. 118, 187-200. doi:10.1086/649818

Thompson, M.D., Barr, S.M., Grunow, A.M., 2012. Avalonian perspectives on Neoproterozoic paleogeography: Evidence from Sm-Nd isotope geochemistry and detrital zircon geochronology in SE New England, USA. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 124, 517-531. doi:10.1130/b30529.1

Thompson, M.D., Ramezani, J., Crowley, J.L., 2014. U-Pb zircon geochronology of Roxbury Conglomerate, Boston Basin, Massachusetts: Tectono-stratigraphic implications for Avalonia in and beyond SE New England. Am. J. Sci. 314, 1009-1040. doi:10.2475/06.2014.02

van Rooyen, D., Barr, S.M., White, C.E., Hamilton, M.A., 2019. New U-Pb age constraints on the geological history of the Ganderian Bras d'Or terrane, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia. Can. J. Earth Sci. 56, 829-847. doi:10.1139/cjes-2018-0248

van Staal, C.R., Chew, D.M., Zagorevski, A., McNicoll, V., Hibbard, J., Skulski, T., Castonguay, S., Escayola, M.P., Sylvester, P.J., 2013. Evidence of Late Ediacaran Hyperextension of the Laurentian Iapetan Margin in the Birchy Complex, Baie Verte Peninsula, Northwest Newfoundland: Implications for the Opening of Iapetus, Formation of Peri-Laurentian Microcontinents and Taconic - Grampian Orogenesis. Geosci. Can. 94-117. doi:10.12789/geocanj.2013.40.006

van Staal, C.R., Wilson, R.A., Kamo, S.L., McClelland, W.C., McNicoll, V., 2016. Evolution of the Early to Middle Ordovician Popelogan arc in New Brunswick, Canada, and adjacent Maine, USA: Record of arc-trench migration and multiple phases of rifting. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 128, 122-146.

Waldron, J.W.F., Floyd, J.D., Simonetti, A., Heaman, L.M., 2008. Ancient Laurentian detrital zircon in the closing Iapetus Ocean, Southern Uplands terrane, Scotland. Geology 36, 527-530.

Waldron, J.W.F., White, C.E., Barr, S.M., Simonetti, A., Heaman, L.M., 2009. Provenance of the Meguma terrane, Nova Scotia: rifted margin of early Paleozoic Gondwana. Can. J. Earth Sci. 46, 1-9.

Waldron, J.W.F., McNicoll, V.J., van Staal, C.R., 2012. Laurentia-derived detritus in the Badger Group of central Newfoundland: deposition during closing of the Iapetus Ocean. Can. J. Earth Sci. 49, 207-221.

Waldron, J.W.F., Schofield, D.I., DuFrane, S.A., Floyd, J.D., Crowley, Q.G., Simonetti, A., Dokken, R.J., Pothier, H.D., 2014. Ganderia-Laurentia collision in the Caledonides of Great Britain and Ireland. J. Geol. Soc. 171, 555-569.

Waldron, J.W.F., Schofield, D.I., Pearson, G., Sarkar, C., Luo, Y., Dokken, R., 2019. Detrital zircon characterization of early Cambrian sandstones from East Avalonia and SE Ireland: implications for terrane affinities in the peri-Gondwanan Caledonides. Geol. Mag. 156, 1217-1232. doi:10.1017/S0016756818000407

Walsh, G.J., Aleinikoff, J.N., Wintsch, R.P., 2007. Origin of the Lyme Dome and implications for the timing of multiple Alleghanian deformational and intrusive events in southern Connectiut. Am. J. Sci. 307, 168-215. doi:10.2475/01.2007.06

Walsh, G.J., Aleinikoff, J.N., Ayuso, R.A., Wintsch, R.P., 2021. Age and tectonic setting of the Quinebaug-Marlboro belt and implications for the history of Ganderian crustal fragments in southeastern New England, USA. Geosphere 17, 1038-1100. doi:10.1130/GES02295.1

White, C.E., Barr, S.M., Davis, D.W., Swanton, D.S., Ketchum, J.W.F., Reynolds, P.H., 2016. Field relations, age, and tectonic setting of metamorphic and plutonic rocks in the Creignish Hills - North Mountain area, southwestern Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada. Atl. Geol. 52, 037-059.

White, C.E., Barr, S.M., Linnemann, U., 2018. U-Pb (zircon) ages and provenance of the White Rock Formation of the Rockville Notch Group, Meguma terrane, Nova Scotia, Canada: evidence for the "Sardian gap" and West African origin. Can. J. Earth Sci. 55, 589-603. doi:10.1139/cjes-2017-0196

White, S.E., Waldron, J.W.F., Dunning, G.R., DuFrane, S.A., 2019. Provenance of the Newfoundland Appalachian foreland basins. Am. J. Sci. 319, 694-735.

Willner, A.P., Barr, S.M., Gerdes, A., Massonne, H.-J., White, C.E., 2013. Origin and evolution of Avalonia: evidence from U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotopes in zircon from the Mira terrane, Canada, and the Stavelot-Venn Massif, Belgium. J. Geol. Soc. 170, 769-784.

Willner, A.P., Gerdes, A., Massonne, H.-J., Van Staal, C.R., Zagorevski, A., 2014. Crustal Evolution of the northeast Laurentian margin and the peri-Gondwanan microcontinent Ganderia prior to and during closure of the Iapetus Ocean: Detrital zircon U-Pb and Hf isotope evidence from Newfoundland. Geosci. Can. 41, 345. doi:10.12789/geocanj.2014.41.046

Wilson, R.A., Van Staal, C.R., McClelland, W.C., 2015. Synaccretionary sedimentary and volcanic rocks in the Ordovician Tetagouche backarc basin, New Brunswick, Canada: Evidence for a transition from foredeep to forearc basin sedimentation. Am. J. Sci. 315, 958-1001.

Wintsch, R.P., Aleinikoff, J.N., Walsh, G.J., Bothner, W.A., Hussey, A.M., Fanning, C.M., 2007. Shrimp U-Pb evidence for a Late Silurian age of metasedimentary rocks in the Merrimack and Putnam-Nashoba terranes, eastern New England. Am. J. Sci. 307, 119-167.

Yin, Q.-Z., Wimpenny, J., Tollstrup, D.L., Mange, M., Dewey, J.F., Zhou, Q., Li, X.-H., Wu, F.-Y., Li, Q.-L., Liu, Y., others, 2012. Crustal evolution of the South Mayo Trough, western Ireland, based on U-Pb ages and Hf-O isotopes in detrital zircons. J. Geol. Soc. 169, 681-689.